Learning Theory Elaboration

Learning theory is a theory that has looked at how people influence others to learn things happen (getting people to learn). In other words, the theory of learning to deal with attempts to control variables dispesifiasikan in learning theory in order to facilitate learning. Learning theory must incorporate variable learning methods. When it no, it's not the theory of learning. It is important to understand, because a lot happens that is considered as the actual learning theory is the theory of learning. Theories of learning instructional methods always mention, while learning theory does not deal with the learning method. [1]

Elaboration is estensivitas memory processing in the encoding. So, when we present the concept of democracy to students, they would probably remember it better if they are given a good example of democracy. [2]

Degeng mention that elaborate design is a way to organize learning, ranging from giving the contents of the frame field of study is taught by following a general order to detail. After being given the full picture (epitome) [3], then the next thing is to elaborate that sort out there on the subject that has become the epitome of detailed parts. The parts that have been separated is then used as a sub-section, then pursed again into sub-chapters or smaller topics. Meanwhile, Reigeluth said that, elaboration theory is an instructional process that begins with an overview of the teaching held these views in general, simple, and basic.

Education design elaboration is often defined as a way to organize pembeajaran, began by providing a framework of content subjects taught. [4] theory elaboration mempreskripsikan organizing learning by following a general order to the details, like the earlier theories. The general order to detail begins with showing epitome (content structure subjects studied), then elaborates the parts in the epitome in more detail. Context is always indicated by displaying a gradual synthesis. Each component of the strategy is integrated into the elaboration of the model can be traced from the learning theories that have been developed previously.

To understand the theoretical elaboration based learning can be analogous to such person of the one who wants to study of the painting. At first he would pay attention to the painting as a whole. At first glance he saw the main parts and the relationships between bagia-section, she had not seen the details of things, he is still reviewing the general idea Darri painting. Next he will direct attention to the main part and examine the parts smaller inside, then bergeraka continue to other major parts. Giving attention to a part of that and the relationships that exist between sub-sections. [5]

In this step several possibilities to do. One can observe something similar to the level of detail of a piece with the rest of the picture, or it can continue to pay attention to smaller parts in order to get a more detailed picture. Or he could make observations throughout both pictures to look back on it with a link from the other part in the whole picture. In this case, a person can be directed to follow a certain pattern of a number of possibilities, or it can also be given absolute freedom to follow the selected pattern. [6]

After making observations on detailed parts of the particular section, one needs to observe back to see the whole part. This was done in order to synthesize the detailed parts are covered in that section so it looks linkages that exist among them.

In the same way, the elaboration of the model as a way to organize learning, begin by providing a framework of content subjects taught. Then the model elaboration sorting portion of the content areas of study into parts, each part elaborates, sorting each section into sub-sections, elaborating each sub-section, and so on until the study reaches a certain level of detail as dispesipikasikan by destination . In this way, learners will always associate each sub-section to section, and each section into a broader context. [7]

According to Reigeluth, learning theory, instructional elaboration of a process that begins with an overview holding teach general is lacking ideas simple and basic (still not an abstract). [8]

Reference

[1] Harun Sitompul, Education Theory and Method Learning Revolution, the National Education Seminar, (range, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (University Asahan), January 10, 2009, p. 4.

[2] John W. Santrock, Educational Psychology, trans. Tri Wibowo, (New York: Kencana, 2008), p. 316.

[3] Degeng, Science Teaching Taxonomy Variables, (Jakarta: Ministry of P and K, 1989), p 114

[4] Nyoman Sudana Degeng, Taxonomy Variable Instruction Teaching Science, (New York: Department of P & K Director General of Education Personnel Development Institute, 1998), p. 114.

[5] Suhardjono, Organizing Teaching Based on Elaboration theory, (UB)

[6] Ibid., P. 79.

[7] Ibid., P. 90.

[8] Reigeluth. C. M, and Stein, The Elaboration Theories and Models: Instructional Design Theories and Models, (Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1983), p. 338.